英語中的動(dòng)詞有五種基本形式

：

原形 (do, write, think)

es

單數(shù)第三人稱形式 (do, write, think)

to

不定式 ( do, write, think) *'to' 有些情況下可省略

ing

現(xiàn)在分詞 (do, writ, think)

en, thought

過去分詞 (done, writt)

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成：助動(dòng)詞(have/has) + 動(dòng)詞過去分詞形式（5),

比如：

have done

a) I it many times.

has written

b) She three books.

Have

c) you about it carefully?

所有的動(dòng)詞都可以有現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。

那什么時(shí)候需要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)？

就是當(dāng)你想要表達(dá)到說話時(shí)為止，某個(gè)動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成，并且你想強(qiáng)調(diào)這個(gè)動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響。結(jié)合上面的例子說明：

have done

a) “I it many times.” 隱含的意思可能是 [So, I know how to do it. You don't need to teach me how to do it.]

has written

b) "She three books." 隱含的意思可能是 [She is great! She is working on another book now.]

Have

c) " you about it carefully?" 隱含的意思可能是 [If you haven't, then you probably should because this is an important matter.]

一般過去時(shí)

如果純粹想說到說話時(shí)為止，某個(gè)動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成，不強(qiáng)調(diào)和現(xiàn)在的聯(lián)系，就可以用。比如：

did

e) I it.

wrote

f) She three books.

Did

g) you about it carefully?

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